Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence: Definition, Types, and Applications of AI

What is Artificial Intelligence? - AI Explained

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a central trend in digitization that is revolutionizing numerous industries. As a subfield of computer science and engineering, AI deals with simulating the required cognitive abilities and mimicking human decision-making processes, including acquiring knowledge and recognizing patterns. AI encompasses the development of algorithms and computer systems capable of performing tasks that traditionally required human intelligence, such as learning, language processing, problem-solving, and decision-making.

Types of Artificial Intelligence

Since the 1950s, scientists have been working on implementing artificial intelligence. Search engines like Google have long utilized AI in the form of algorithms to generate and improve search results. A prominent, current example of an AI tool is ChatGPT, a language model that can write or improve texts and generate knowledge. Essentially, artificial intelligence can be categorized into the following types, which vary in complexity and capabilities:

• Reactive AI: This form of AI reacts to specific inputs without the ability to learn from past experiences.

• Limited Memory AI: These systems can learn from historical data and make better decisions but are limited to a specific task area.

• Self-aware AI: The theoretically most advanced form of AI, which is aware of itself and its surroundings and can make complex, autonomous decisions.

• Theory of Mind: As the name suggests, this form of AI currently exists only in theory. The AI develops an understanding of human emotions, beliefs, and desires, allowing for deeper interaction.

• Generative AI: A significant advancement in this field is generative AI, which not only imitates human intelligence but can also create content such as texts, images, or music independently. The key difference from traditional AI is that algorithms generate original and new results. Generative AI has gained enormous attention in recent years and is used in many areas, from the creative industry to customer service.

The development and use of these systems have rapidly increased with the release of AI systems accessible on the internet. However, there are basic functionalities that are essential for understanding and correctly utilizing them.

Basics: How Does AI Work and How Can Artificial Intelligence Be Utilized?

Artificial Intelligence works by combining various technologies and methods that process and analyze large amounts of data to recognize patterns and draw conclusions. For the success of AI applications, it is crucial to have access to high-quality and extensive datasets. The quality of the data directly influences the accuracy and reliability of AI models. Due to their ability to analyze past actions, AI systems can also adjust and improve their behavior. They operate autonomously, allowing algorithms and outputs to optimize themselves. Some forms of AI are already indispensable in the daily lives of many people:

• Efficient and comprehensible knowledge provision through search engines

• Music streaming services

• Voice assistance

• Use of smart home devices

• Writing texts

• Generating images

• Creating presentations

• Taking over repetitive and time-consuming tasks

• Assisting in decision-making processes by processing large amounts of data

• Facial recognition (e.g., on smartphones)

A crucial concept for effectively using generative AI is prompts. Texts designed as input prompts are used to obtain the desired responses or actions from AI models. Prompt-writing is particularly important to ensure that the AI understands the task and can execute it optimally. Whether in everyday life or in the workplace – with proper prompting and knowledge of the application areas, these technologies can help optimize processes, take over unwanted tasks, or make everyday life easier.